The impact of the crusades in the history of europe

The effects of the crusades influenced: Thus the prominent part which the Popes took in the enterprises naturally fostered their authority and influence, by placing in their hands, the armies and resources of Christendom, and accustoming the people to look to them as guides and leaders. As to the wealth of the churches and monasteries, this was augmented enormously by the sale to them, often for a mere fraction of their actual value, of the estates of those preparing for the expeditions, or by the out and out gift of the lands of such in return for prayers and pious benedictions.

Map of the Eastern Mediterranean in The remnant of the Byzantine Empire is visible in the west; the nascent Seljuq Empire and Fatimid Egypt are shown in green. The Islamic prophet Muhammad founded Islam in the Arabian Peninsula and had united much of Arabia into a single polity by his death in Arab power expanded rapidly in the 7th and 8th centuries largely by military conquest.

Jerusalem was taken from the Byzantine Empire after a siege in Pilgrimages by Catholics to sacred sites were permitted, Christian residents in Muslim territories were given Dhimmi status, legal rights, and legal protection.

These Christians were allowed to maintain churches, and marriages between faiths were not uncommon.

The victory over the Byzantine army at the Battle of Manzikert was once considered a pivotal event by historians but is now regarded as only one further step in the expansion of the Great Seljuk Empire into Anatolia. The Christian Church split along Latin Orthodox lines in after centuries of disagreement leading to a permanent division called the East—West Schism.

Beginning around and continuing during the First Crusade, the Investiture Controversy was a power struggle between Church and state in medieval Europe over whether the Catholic Church or the Holy Roman Empire held the right to appoint church officials and other clerics.

The result was intense piety and an increased interest in religious affairs amongst the general population in Catholic Europe and religious propaganda by the Papacy advocating a just war to reclaim Palestine from the Muslims.

Participation in a crusade was seen as a form of penance that could counterbalance sin. Rhineland massacres Inat the Council of PiacenzaByzantine Emperor Alexios I Komnenos requested military aid from Pope Urban IIprobably in the form of a small body of mercenary reinforcements he could direct and control.

Many historians consider that Urban also hoped that aiding the Eastern Church would lead to its reunion with the Western under his leadership. Only survived an ambush by the Turks at the Civetot.

However, members of the high aristocracy from France, western Germany, the Low countries, and Italy were drawn to the venture, commanding their own military contingents in loose, fluid arrangements based on bonds of lordship, family, ethnicity, and language.

He was rivalled by the relatively poor but martial Bohemond of Taranto and his nephew Tancred from the Norman community of southern Italy. They were joined by Godfrey of Bouillon and his brother Baldwin I of Jerusalem in leading a loose conglomerate from LorraineLotharingiaand Germany.

This marked a high point in Latin and Greek co-operation and also the start of Crusader attempts to take advantage of political and religious disunity in the Muslim world: Crusader envoys were sent to Egypt seeking an alliance.

The Normans resisted for hours before the arrival of the main army caused a Turkish withdrawal. After this, the nomadic Seljuks avoided the Crusade. Instead, Aleppo and Damascus had competing rulers. Eventually, Bohemond persuaded a tower guard in the city to open a gate and the Crusaders entered, massacring the Muslim and many Christian Greeks, Syrian and Armenian inhabitants.

The sultan of Baghdad raised a force to recapture the city led by the Iraqi general Kerbogha. Losing numbers through desertion and starvation in the besieged city, the Crusaders attempted to negotiate surrender, but this was rejected by Kerbogha, who wanted to destroy them permanently.

Morale within the city was boosted when Peter Bartholomew claimed to have discovered the Holy Lance. Bohemond recognised that the only option now was for open combat, and he launched a counterattack against the besiegers.

This ended only when news arrived that the Fatimid Egyptians had taken Jerusalem from the Turks, and it became imperative to attack before the Egyptians could consolidate their position.Get an answer for 'What are some impacts of the Crusades?What are some impacts of the Crusades?' and find homework help for other History questions at eNotes The most important impact of the.

While Europe was just emerging from the Dark Ages, the East was experiencing an intellectual Golden Age. Europeans were exposed to new concepts in mathematics, engineering and warfare, and they brought these ideas home when they returned. Because the Crusades went on for over two centuries, there was a need for goods and supplies.

Impact in Europe (religious and secular) Third, the crusading movement impacted internal European development in a few important ways. The movement helped both to militarize the medieval western Church and to sustain criticism of that militarization.

In his History of the Crusades Sa'id Ashur emphasised the similarity between the modern and medieval situation facing Muslims and the need to study the Crusades in depth. Sayyid Qutb declared there was an international Crusader conspiracy.

Impacts of Crusades - Crusades | HowStuffWorks

The Crusades were a very important part of history. It has been said that The Crusades are what started the beginning of modernization. Not only were they what started the beginning of modernization, they also had many impacts on Europe.

The four major areas of impact on Europe were in the Economic. NEW Movie script on Mohammed PBUH* - the founder of Islam. History of the Crusades Against Jihad ( - ) This site is dedicated to a factual and realistic analysis of the Islamic Jihad.

Here you will read about the history of the Islamic Jihad from its beginnings at Mecca in C.E. up to 9/11, and the lessons it has for us in today’s challenging times.